Realms of Earth Essay Sample free essay sample

Astro-physicists and scientists believe that there could be rather a few planets in the Universe similar to our planet Earth. There is besides a likely opportunity that some signifier of life prevails and sustains in one of such planet. However. so far as we soon know. the Earth is the lone planet which supports life which makes it a really alone planet. It is hence imperative ( really of import and necessary ) for us to understand the domains of the Earth as the domains play a important function to enable life signifiers to germinate. prevail and sustain. The three chief constituents of the Earth are H2O. air and dirt. They are non merely in contact with each other but are besides synergistic and interdependent. Life exists merely where these three constituents interact. The Earth’s system consists of four major subsystems. They are known as spheres. domains or kingdoms. They are the Lithosphere ( land ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Realms of Earth Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hydrosphere ( H2O ) . Atmosphere ( air ) and Biosphere ( the parts of the Earth where life is found. including land. H2O and the lower portion of the ambiance ) . Lithosphere: the kingdom of land A ; MAJOR LANDFORMS The Lithosphere is the solid surface bed of the Earth. It is by and large referred to as the crust. It consists of all the land masses on the surface of the Earth. The surface of the Earth is really uneven. There are: High mountains. e. g. . the Himalayas. the Rockies. the Andes. the Alps. Vast fields. e. g. . the great fields of India. USA and Brazil. Deep vale. The two chief characteristics on the Earth’s surface are the continents and pelagic basins. Continents are big. distinguishable land multitudes normally separated by huge water-bodies ( oceans and seas ) . There are seven major continents in the universe. They are Asia. Africa. Europe. North America. South Ame rica. Australia and Antarctica. Most of the land masses lie in the Northern Hemisphere. The Southern Hemisphere has comparatively fewer land multitudes. Jointly. the land multitudes are known as the geosphere. The lithosphere consists of different types of landforms. Landforms are features that make the Earth’s surface. The different types of landforms include mountains. tableland. hills. vales. fields. Ocean bed. sea bed. etc. How are the landforms formed? How are they utile to worlds? The surface of the Earth invariably undergoes alterations due to the action of assorted forces. It is indispensable to understand these forces and how they affect the landforms? Internal forcesInternal forces are besides known as endo-genetic forces or tectonic forces. Internal forces act from within the Earth that lead to sudden alterations on the face of the Earth. The crust of the Earth is really divided into several pieces which we call home bases. These home bases float over liquid molten stone called magma which lies below the solid crust. The nucleus of the Earth heats the liquefied magma. The liquefied magma bed is called the mantle. which is in between the nucleus and crust. Due to the intense activity within the nucleus and the mantle the magma frequently rises upwards when heated. It spreads. cools and so sinks back once more. to acquire heated and lift one time more. This changeless rise and sinking of the magma keeps forcing the home bases that rest on it. Therefore. the home bases are besides invariably traveling. This motion of the home bases is termed as home base tectonics. Sometimes the home bases move towards each other. or converge. Somet imes the home bases move off from each other. or diverge. Sometimes. the home bases slide by each other in a cross motion. Plate tectonics is responsible for the formation of mountains and vales o n the surface of the Earth. These characteristics can take 1000000s of old ages to organize. However. sometimes. sudden and strong motions take topographic point within the Earth. which conveying about monolithic alterations on the surface of the Earth. Examples are the alterations brought about on earth’s surface by the temblors. vents. landslides. etc. External forces External forces or gradatory forces are forces moving from above the surface of the Earth. They lead to decelerate and steady alterations on the face of the Earth and include all the agents of eroding like air current. H2O. glaciers. etc. The external forces lead to have oning off and reconstructing of the Earth’s surface. The agents of eroding physically change the Earth’s surface by gnawing ( have oning off ) land surfaces. transporting the eroded stuff and lodging the weather-beaten dirt. sand and dust at other topographic points. For illustration. rain. air current and rivers erode the mountains and Highlandss. the scoured atoms are carried and deposited farther down to organize fields. Types of landformsMountainA mountain is a natural lift of the Earth’s surface lifting high above its surrounding. Mountains have narrow acmes and wide bases. Mountains are found both on land and on the ocean floor. They are of different types. Some of them are really high and some comparatively short. Some have pointed extremums. while some have rounded tops. Some have steep inclines and some have soft inclines. The higher ranges of the mountains can be really cold. The higher the height. the lower will be the temperature. Fold MountainsFold Mountains are formed by the upward motion and folding of land multitudes due to sidelong compaction caused by tectonic or internal forces. When two home bases move towards each other. the topographic point of convergence of the two home bases gets compressed. The crust along the border gets crumpled or folded. Massive beds of the Earth’s crust get uplifted as a consequence of these meeting forces. ensuing in the formation of Fold Mountains. The Himalayas and the Alps were formed in the same manner in the recent geological yesteryear and are hence known as immature crease mountains. They have rugged alleviation and high. conelike extremums. The Aravalli scope in Rajasthan is one of the oldest crease mountain ranges in the universe. The scope has been lowered greatly due to uninterrupted eroding over 1000000s of old ages. The Ural mountainss in Russia and the Appalachians in North America are besides illustrations of really old crease mountains. They have been worn down well and have rounded characteristics. Such mountains can be classified into three signifiers: Young mountains ( late formed mountains. with crisp extremums. like the Himalayas ) ; Mature Mountains ( do non hold a crisp extremum which have been worn off due to the agents of eroding like air. H2O and sunshine ) and Old Mountains ( the most ancient mountains affected badly by the agents of eroding. over a great period of clip like 1000000s of old ages ) . Block Mountains When two home bases on the Earth’s crust diverge or are pulled apart. breaks appear on the Earth surface. These breaks are called mistakes. When two mistakes are formed alongside each other. big countries get displaced vertically along the two mistake lines. The land between the mistake lines either subsides ( falls ) or rises ( gets lifted ) . The uplifted portion of the land is called horst and the subsided portion is called graben or rift vales.Sometimes. rivers may flux through the rift vale. The Rhine Valley is a rift vale and the Voges Mountains in Europe are block mountains. River Narmada in the subcontinent of India flows through a rift vale. The Narmada Valley is a graben. a superimposed block of the Earth’s crust that dropped down comparative to the blocks on either side due to ancient spreading of the Earth’s crust. Two normal mistakes. known as the Narmada North mistake and Narmada South mistake. analogue to the river’s class. and tag the boundary between the Narmada block and the Vindhya and Satpura blocks or Horsts which rose comparative to the Narmada Graben.Volcanic MountainsThe conelike or dome-shaped constructions formed as a consequence of magma get awaying through Earth’s surface are called Volcanic mountains. The gap in Earth’s surface through which the magma escapes is called a blowhole. Magma that reaches the surface of the Earth is called lava. The hot lava flows over the surface of the Earth. cools and so hardens to organize lava sheets. Over 1000s of old ages. several beds of such lava sheets are deposited on top of each other to organize volcanic mountains. If the magma is thin and flows easy. gently inclining mountains are formed. such as Mauna Loa in Hawaii. However. if the lava is thick and syrupy. the mountains formed are cone shaped with steeply inclining sides. For illustration. Mt. Vesuvius in Italy. Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fuji in Japan. Pavagadh. near Vadodara. Gujarat is a good illustration of the Volcanic Mountains. The Importance of MountainsMountains influence the clime of a land. They help do rain by coercing clouds transporting wet to lift. condense and come down every bit rain. Several perennial rivers ( rivers that carry H2O throughout Thursday e twelvemonth ) originate from mountain glaciers. The Indus. Brahmaputra. Ganga. Yamuna and the other rivers are fed by mountain glaciers. Many fresh H2O lakes and springs are besides found in mountains. They act as reservoirs of H2O. Mountains are rich in vegetations and zoologies. The woods provide assorted merchandises like fuel. lumber. lac. nuts. fruits. medicative herbs and fresh fish. Many mountains are a rich beginning of minerals. Dams built across river vales provide irrigation and hydro-electricity ( e. g. Bhakra-Nangal Dam built on River Sutlej. ) Mountains and their picturesque vales encourage touristry. They besides support featuring activities such as paragliding. stone mounting. manus gliding. river rafting and skiing. PLATEAUS A tableland is a wide. degree. elevated country of land. Since a tableland has a level top with aggressively falling sides. it besides called a plateau. Often a tableland may hold one gently inclining side and one steep side. The steep side of a tableland is called an escarpment. A big portion of the surface of the Earth is made up of tableland. Most of the continents have big tableland. The largest and highest tableland in the universe is the Chang Tang of Tibet. called the roof of the World. India has Malwa tableland in the Central portion. ChhotaNagpur tableland in the Eastern side of India. The Deccan Plateau in the peninsular Southern India is one of the oldest tableland of the universe. Most of the African continent is made of tableland. East Africa. Kenya. Tanzania and Uganda are all located on a tableland. Plateaus are of different types: Inter-montane tableland are those that are surrounded wholly or partly by mountains. for illustration. the tableland of Tibet.Continental tableland are huge countries of plateau that rise suddenly from the seashore or environing fields. e. g. . the tableland of Africa.Lava tableland are formed when lava flows out of crevices and spreads thickly over extended countries. The Deccan tableland is a lava tableland.Tablelands are besides really utile to worlds. Lava tableland. like the Deccan tableland. are mostly com posed of black dirt. which is really fertile. It is utile for the cultivation of harvests. Most tablelands have rich sedimentations of minerals. The Chhota Nagpur tableland in India has rich sedimentations of Fe ore. manganese and coal. The African tableland is rich in gold and diamond sedimentations. The rivers fluxing along plateaus autumn from a great tallness when they flow across the excarpments. They form waterfalls. The H2O falls with great force and assist revolve turbines to bring forth electricity. Hundru falls on the river Subarnarekha and Jog falls on the river Sharavati in the Deccan tableland are some illustrations. PlainA low-lying huge level land is called a field. Plains are formed in different ways. While most of them are levelled alluvial piece of lands. some are rounded and some undulating ( soft rise and autumn ) . Alluvial piece of lands are formed when rivers and their feeders bring down eroded stuff from the mountains. The scoured stuff is called dust or alluvial sediment. It contains sand. silt. clay and animate being and works affair. T hey supply the rich foods required for the dirt. Plains are normally fertile and are extensively used for the cultivation of harvests. Plains are the most dumbly populated parts on Earth. People settle in fields for many grounds. Normally H2O is abundant. The land being level and fertile. it enables cultivation of harvests. It is possible to construct an first-class web of roads and railroads. The ports andseaports in coastal fields promote international trade. The fields of river Indus. Ganga and Yamuna in India. the fields of the river Nile in Egypt and the fields of the river Hwang Ho in China are dumbly populated. ValleyValleies are the low-lying land between hills or mountains. They may or may non hold a river fluxing through them. River vales are normally V-shaped. The Rhine Valley in Europe and the Damodar Valley in India are river vales formed by glaciers. Large multitudes of ice that move down a mountain incline are U-shaped. Glacial vales are found in the Alps and the Himalayas. BasinsA basin is a down subdivision of the Earth’s crust with environing land ( E. g. Ocean basins ) . Many basins are found alongside tableland borders and form countries of inland drainage. i. e. . the rivers fluxing in the basin do non make the sea. The Tarim Basin of Asia and the Chad Basin of North Central Africa are basins of inland drainage. Apart from these major landforms. there are some typical minor landscapes as good Islands: An island is a piece of land which is surrounded on all sides by H2O. India has two grou PS of islands – the Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea and the Andaman -Nicobar islands in the Bay of Bengal. Sri Lanka is an island merely south of India. in the Indian Ocean. Malagasy ( Madagascar ) is another large island in the same ocean. Try to place other islands on a universe map. Many islands together are called Archipelago. ( e. g. Lakshadweep and Andaman islands ) . A little sized island is called an islet. Peninsulas: A peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by H2O on three sides and joined to a larger land mass. The peninsular tableland of India and the Malay Peninsula are two illustrations of peninsulas attached to the continent of Asia. Isthmuss: An isthmus is an extended narrow piece of land linking two larger land countries. normally with major water-bodies on either side. E. g. : the Isthmus of Panama that joins North America and South America and separates the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean. The Isthmus of Suez joins Africa to Asia and separated the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Bay: A bay is an unfastened. swerving indenture made by the sea into a coastline. E. g. Bay of Bengal Gulf: A gulf is an recess of the sea of big proportion. Gulfs are more enclosed / narrower than bay. E. g. : Gulf of Kutch and Gulf of Khambhat. Passs: A sound is a narrow stretch of H2O fall ining two big H2O organic structures and dividing two big land multitudes. E. g. : Palk Strait.Ocean Bed: the earth’s crust found under the H2O of the ocean or the sea is the ocean bed or sea bed. These are the deepest portion of the Earth’s crust. The deep vales form the abysm and the extremums of high rise mountains frequently form Islands or islets. Sea Bed: the earth’s crust found under the sea. organizing the sea bed. These are normally shallower than the Ocean bed. Hydrosphere: the kingdom of H2O A ; MAJOR WATER-BODIESHydrosphere ( hydro= H2O ) refers to the portion of Earth that is covered with H2O. It includes H2O in all signifiers. i. e. solid ( ice ) . liquid ( H2O ) and gas ( H2O vapor ) . Water is found as ice sheets in glaciers. It is found as streamlined H2O in oceans. rivers. lakes. pools and belowground watercourse. It is besides found as H2O vapor in the ambiance. All these signifiers together make the Hydrosphere. Of the Earth’s surface. 71 % is covered by H2O and merely 29 % by land. This gives T he Earth another name – the Blue Planet. 97 % of the Earth’s H2O is found in the oceans and is salty. 2 % of the H2O is found in the signifier of glaciers and ice sheets. Merely 1 % of the H2O is found as fresh H2O on the surface and as belowground watercourses. Fresh H2O is. hence. a critical resource. Fresh H2O comes down as precipitation from the ambiance to the Earth’s surface. flows as rivers and watercourses along it. and is found as groundwater beneath it. The H2O rhythm Water rhythm refers to the interchange of the signifiers of H2O on this planet. It involves three different procedures – vaporization. condensation and precipitation.Water is transferred from the Earth’s surface to the ambiance through vaporization. It is the procedure by which H2O when heated. alterations into a gas. Approximately 80 % of all vaporization is from the oceans. and the staying 20 % is from inland H2O and flora. Condensation is the procedure by which the H2O vapor in the ambiance when cooled. alterations to its original liquid province. In the ambiance. condensed H2O may look as clouds. mist. fog. dew. etc. depending on the physical conditions of the ambiance. When H2O droplets get excessively heavy to stay suspended in the air. they fall to the Earth as precipitation. Precipitation occurs in a assortment of signifiers – hail. rain. stop deading rain. sleet or snow. Types of Water-BodiesOceansOceans are huge multitudes of ungratified water-bodies. The ocean Waterss are ever traveling. The three major motions of the ocean Waterss are moving ridges. tides and currents. Tides are the periodic rise and falling of the H2O caused by the gravitative force of the Moon and Sun moving upon the revolving Earth. Waves are the lifting and falling motions of surface sea H2O caused by the force of the air currents. Currents are the horizontal motions of sea H2O caused by many factors including air current and the Earth’s motion. How the Oceans formed: The semi liquefied surface of the prehistoric Earth was covered by vents. Hot gases and H2O vapors given off by the vents formed the Earth’s early atmosphere. The H2O vapor in this early ambiance condensed as rain. Rainstorms poured down on the planet and filled the huge hollows on the Earth’s surface. These immense pools of H2O formed the oceans. The H2O was hot and acidic. Later. works life evolved and changed the composing of the ambiance and ocean. Oceans form the major portion of the hydrosphere. All the oceans of the universe are interconnected. Oceans help international trade by organizing natural Marine rou T. They besides support marine life. Oceanic currents – the motion of the mass of pelagic H2O in a definite way – aid keep the specific conditions forms and climatic conditions. Pacific OceanIt is the deepest and the largest ocean. It covers about one -third of the Earth’s surface. In fact. it is so large that all the continents could easy suit into it. The adventurer Ferdinand Magellan named the ocean ‘Pacific’ significance composure or tranquil. The International Date Line passes through the Pacific Ocean. It is located between the Southern Ocean. Asia. Australia. and North and South America. The length of coastline is 135. 663 kilometer. Its lowest point is Challenger Deep in the Mariana trench at 10. 924 m below average sea degree. This is the deepest point on the surface of the Earth. The mean deepness of the Pacific Ocean is about 4. 030 m. The Atlantic Ocean It is the 2nd largest of the world’s oceans. It lies between Africa. Europe. the Southern Ocean. and the Western Hemisphere. The length of its coastline is 111. 866 kilometer. The lowest point in this ocean is Mi lwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench at 8605 m below the average sea degree. The form of the Atlantic is like the missive ‘S’ and its mean deepness is about 3330m. Though this ocean is smaller than the Pacific. it has a big figure of ports and seaports. The Indian Ocean It is the 3rd largest of the world’s ocean. It is enclosed by land in the North and lies between Africa and the Southern Ocean. Asia and Australia. The extent of coastline of this ocean is 66. 526 kilometer. The Java Trench at 7258 m deep is its deepest point. Its shores consist of some of the ancient tableland and the remains of the Gondwanaland. The Arctic OceanIt is the smallest of the world’s oceans. It lies good within the Arctic Circle around th e North Pole. The coastline is about 45. 389 kilometer. Fram Basin at 4665 m forms the deepest point of the Arctic Ocean. The Arctic is connected to the Pacific by a narrow stretch of shallow H2O organic structure called the Bering Strait. In the northern seashore it is bound by North America and Eurasia. Most of the clip. North-polar Ocean remains frozen. Apart from the oceans. there are some smaller H2O -bodies excessively: Seas: A sea is a portion of an ocean that is smaller and shallower. It is normally located near to the border of a local area network 500 mass or continent. E. g. : Arabian Sea. Mediterranean Sea. Lakes: Lakes are little organic structures of H2O which are surrounded by land on all sides. Large lakes are called inland seas. for illustration. the Aral Sea. the Dead Sea. the Black Sea. the Baikal Lake and the Caspian Sea of Eurasia. Rivers: A river is a watercourse of H2O which flows in a channel from high land to moo land and eventually to a lake or sea. The topographic point where a river originates is called its beginning. which usually lies in a hill or a mountain. The topographic point where a river ends its journey is called its oral cavity. The oral cavity is usually the topographic point where the river enters the sea. The path or the class of a river has three different phases – upper. center and lower. The upper class by and large lies in mountains and. hence. the land is steep. The river flows really fleetly at this phase. When the river descends to the fields from the mountains. it is in its in-between class. The velocity of its flow decreases well as it flows through countries that have a soft R incline. The river is in its lower class near its oral cavity. where the incline is negligible and. hence. its flow has about halted. Atmosphere: the kingdom of bluessThe bed of air that surrounds our Earth is called the ambiance. The word ambiance is derived from ‘atmos’ which means ‘vapour’ in Greek. This is the most dynamic portion of the major spheres of our planet. The ambiance is a mixture of gases. dust and vapor which encompasses the Earth every bit far as 10000 kilometers above the Earth surface. The ambiance protects us from solar radiation every bit good as meteors. meteorites and smaller dust which autumn towards earth every twenty-four hours. The ambiance besides helps to keep the Earths’ temperature every bit good as aids in the climatic and conditions forms. The lower bed of atmosphere contains legion life prolonging gases like Oxygen. Carbon-di-oxide. Nitrogen. etc every bit good as H2O vapor. The ambiance is divided into six chief beds on the footing of its composing. temperature. force per unit area. etc.The troposphere is the bed that is closest to the Earth and the topographic point where all conditions alterations occur. Ninety per centum of all air is found in this bed and it contains most of the H2O vapor and dust atoms of the ambiance. The troposphere extends up to 18 kilometers at the Equator and bit by bit declines up to 8 kilometers at the poles. This the most of import bed for life on Earth. The most upper part of troposphere is known as tropo-pause. The stratosphere extends beyond the troposphere. It is barren of H2O vapor and dust atoms and there is no turbulency and clouds in the air. This is where airplanes fly. The stratosphere extends from the troposph ere to heights runing from 20 to 50 kilometers above sea degree. The stratosphere contains the ozone bed or ozonosphere. the portion of the Earth’s ambiance which has high concentrations of ozone. a signifier of O. This bed consequences when O molecules split due to extremist -violet radiation coming from the Sun. The ozone bed absorbs and blocks the harmful ultraviolet beams of the Sun. The mesosphere extends to a tallness of 80 kilometers above the stratosphere. This domain has the coldest temperature in the ambiance. The temperature can be every bit low as -90  °C.The ionosphere or thermosphere extends from 80 kilometers to 480 kilometer. The temperatures here are every bit high as 1480 °C. It is electrically charged due to a procedure called ionisation: atoms change into ions through add-on or remotion of negatrons. Ionization happens due to X raies and gamma beams from the Sun. This high temperature of this sphere protects Earth from infinite dust similar meteors every bit good as disused orbiters. Tele-communications affecting wireless moving ridges are besides possible due to the electrically charged molecules of this domain. The exosphere is someplace between 480 kilometers to 960 kilometer. It bit by bit merges with infinite. The temperature here ranges from 300 °C to 1600 °C and air force per unit area is highly low. Composition of the ambianceThe Earth’s ambiance is a mixture of 12 gases. The ambiance contains 78 % N. 21 % O and 1 % other gases like C dioxide. Ar. He etc. Thus N and oxygen the vitalizing gas. do up about 99 % of clean and dry air. The composing of the atmosphere influences the clime of a topographic point. Though merely a minute sum of C dioxide is present in the ambiance. it is responsible for maintaining the planet warm. It traps the heat of the Sun and prevents it from traveling back into infinite. It therefore acts like a cover for the Earth. This heat is indispensable for the sprouting of pla National Trusts and the endurance of life. This procedure of heat acquiring trapped in the ambiance to maintain the Earth warm is known as the nursery consequence. Atmospheric force per unit area and air current: Air has weight. The entire weight of the air is called air force per unit area or atmospheric force per unit area. Air force per unit area varies with location and clip. because the sum ( and weigh ) of air above the Earth varies from topographic point to topographic point and clip to clip. Atmospheric force per unit area decreases with addition in height. Temperature besides decreases with addition in altitude particularly in the troposphere. Air ever moves from a part of high force per unit area to part of low force per unit area. Traveling air is called air current. Biosphere: the kingdom of the life and BIOMESLife on Earth exists due to the presence every bit good as interaction of the three domains discussed earlier: the Lithosphere. the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere. The portion of the Earth where life exists is called the Biosphere. ‘Bios’ is a Grecian word significance ‘life’ . The Biosphere is the narrow contact zone between the geosphere. the hydrosphere and the ambiance. where life signifiers exist. ( Mention the first image on Page 1 of this stuff ) . Life on Earth is possible because of Its optimal distance from the Sun ( neither is it excessively far nor is it excessively near to the Sun ) . The presence of a protective ambiance.The handiness of equal H2O required for life signifiers.The biosphere consists of the interaction of workss. animate beings and other life things which invariably interact with their environment. This changeless interaction helps keep a balance between beings and their environment. Populating beings range in size from microscopic bacteriums to immense mammals. All of them. including worlds are mutualist. In the biosphere. living things signifier communities based on their physical milieus. These communities are referred to as Biomes. Deserts. grasslands and woods are some of import types of biomes. Biomes are defined as â€Å"the world’s major communities. classified harmonizing to the prevailing flora and characterized by versions of beings to that peculiar environment† ( Campbell 1996 ) . The importance of biomes can non be under-estimated. Biomes have changed and moved many times during the history of life on Earth. More late. human activities have drastically altered these communities. Therefore. preservation and saving of biomes should be a major concern to all. Types of Biomes FRESH-WATER BIOMEFreshwater is defined as holding a low salt concentration — normally less than 1 % . Plants and animate beings in fresh water parts are adjusted to the low salt content and would non be able to last in countries of high salt concentration ( i. e. . ocean ) . There are different types of fresh water parts: Ponds and lakes Streams and riversWetlandsPonds and lakes: These parts range in size from merely a few square metres to 1000s of squa rhenium kilometers. Scattered throughout the Earth. several are leftovers from the Pleistocene glaciations period. Many pools are seasonal. lasting merely a twosome of months ( such as sessile pools ) while lakes may be for 100s of old ages or more. Ponds and lakes may hold limited species diverseness since they are frequently isolated from one another and from other H2O beginnings like rivers and oceans. Streams and rivers: These are organic structures of fluxing H2O traveling in one way. Streams and rivers can be found everyplace — they get their starts at headwaters. which may be springs. snowmelt or even lakes. and so go all the manner to their oral cavities. normally another H2O channel or the ocean. The features of a river or watercourse alteration during the journey from the beginning to the oral cavity. The temperature is cooler at the beginning than it is at the oral cavity. The H2O is besides clearer. has higher O degrees. and freshwater fish such as trout s and hetero-trophs can be found at the oral cavity. Wetlands: Wetlands are countries of standing H2O that support aquatic workss. Marshes. swamps. and bogs are all considered wetlands. Plant species adapted to the really damp and humid conditions are called aquatic plants. These include pool lilies. cattails. sedges. American larch. and black spruce. Marsh vegetation besides includes such species as cypress and gum. Wetlands have the highest species diverseness of all ecosystems. MARINE BIOME Marine parts cover about three-quarterss of the Earth’s surface and include oceans. coral reefs. and estuaries. Marine algae supply much of the world’s O supply and take in a immense sum of atmospheric C dioxide. The vaporization of the saltwater provides rainwater for the land. The largest of all the ecosystems. oceans are really big organic structures of H2O that dominate the Earth’s surface. DESERT BIOME Desertss cover about fifth parts of the Earth’s surface. Normally. rainfall is less than 50 cm/year in comeuppances. Desert biomes can be classified harmonizing to several features. There are three major types of comeuppances: Hot and drySemi-aridColdHot and dry comeuppances: The four major North American comeuppances of this type are the Chihuahuan. Sonoran. Mojave and Great Basin. Others outside the U. S. include the Southern Asiatic kingdom. Neo -tropical ( South and Central America ) . Ethiopian ( Africa ) and Australian barrens. The seasons are by and large warm throughout the twelvemonth and really hot in the summer. The winters normally bring small rainfall. Semi-arid comeuppances: The major comeuppances of this type include the Sagebrush of Utah. Montana and Great Basin. They besides include the Ne-arctic kingdom ( North America. Newfoundland. Greenland. Russia. Europe and northern Asia ) . The summers are reasonably long and dry. and like hot comeuppances. the winters usually bring low concentrations of rainfall. Summer temperatures normally average between 21-27 ° C. Cold comeuppances: These comeuppances are characterized by cold winters with snowfall on occasion over the summer. They occur in the Antarctic. Greenland and the Ne-arctic kingdom. They have short. moist. and reasonably warm summers with reasonably long. cold winters. FOREST BIOMEForest biomes are biological communities that are dominated by trees and other woody flora ( Spurr and Barnes 1980 ) . Forest biomes can be classified harmonizing to legion features. with seasonality being the most widely used. Distinct forest types besides occur within each of these wide groups. There are three major types of woods. classed harmonizing to latitude: Tropical TemperateBoreal woods ( taiga )Tropical ForestTropical woods are characterized by the greatest diverseness of species. They occur near the equator. within the country bounded by latitudes 23. 5 grades N and 23. 5 grades S. One of the major features of tropical woods is their distinguishable seasonality: winter is absent. and merely two seasons – showery and dry prevail. The length of daytime is 12 hours and varies little. Temperate ForestTemperate woods are found in eastern North America. north-eastern Asia. and western and cardinal Europe. Chiseled seasons with a distinguishable winter characterize this forest biome. Moderate clime and a turning season of 140-200 yearss during 4-6 frost-free months distinguish temperate woods. Taiga Forests ( Boreal ) Boreal woods. or taiga. stand for the largest terrest rial biome. Happening between 50 and 60 grades north latitudes. boreal woods can be found in the wide belt of Eurasia and North America: two -thirds in Siberia with the remainder in Scandinavia. Alaska. and Canada. Seasons are divided into short. moist. and reasonably warm summers and long. cold. and dry winters. The length of the turning season in boreal woods is 130 yearss. TUNDRA BIOME Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi. intending treeless field. It is noted for its frost-moulded landscapes. highly low temperatures. small precipitation. hapless foods. and short turning seasons. Dead organic stuff maps as a alimentary pool. The two major foods are nitrogen and P. Nitrogen is created by biological arrested development. and phosp Horus is created by precipitation. GRASSLAND BIOME Grasslands are characterized as lands dominated by grasses instead than big bushs or trees. In the Miocene and Pliocene Epochs. which spanned a period of about 25 million old ages. mountains rose in wester n North America and created a Continental clime favorable to grasslands. Ancient woods declined and grasslands became widespread. Following the Pleistocene Ice Ages. grasslands expanded in scope as hotter and desiccant climes prevailed worldwide. There are two chief divisions of grasslands: Tropical grasslands or Savannah Temperate grasslandsThe grasslands of the universe Savannah or Tropical grasslandSavannah is grassland with scattered single trees. Savannah cover about half the surface of Africa ( about five million square stat mis. by and large cardinal Africa ) and big countries of Australia. South America and India. Climate is the most of import factor in a Savannah. Savannah are ever found in warm or hot climes where the one-year rainfall is from about 50. 8 to 127 centimeter ( 20-50 inches ) per twelvemonth. Temperate grasslandTemperate grasslands have grasses as the dominant flora. Trees and big bushs are absent. Temperatures vary more from summer to winter. and the sum of rainfall is less in temperate grasslands than in Savannah. The major manifestations are the veldts of South Africa. the puszta of Hungary. the pampas of Argentina and Uruguay. the steppes of the former Soviet Union. and the fields and prairies of cardinal North America. Human Impact on BiomesHuman and natural activity affects Biomes in different ways. When worlds exploit forest for wood or flora.When worlds clear woods for agribusiness. industrialisation or for researching minerals. When natural catastrophes like temblors. volcanic eruptions. inundations or tsunamis occur. When inordinate graze takes topographic point. When there is a forest fire. etc.It is of import to protect the kingdom of the Earth from debasement. These kingdoms of the Earth interact with each other and assist prolong the assorted life signifiers. including the worlds. Thus the kingdoms affect the lives of human existences. Human activity in footings of industrialisation has several negative impacts. Industrial emanations pollute the air. Industrial wastewaters pollute H2O organic structures. Carbon dioxide is an of import gas. However an addition in the degree of this gas has caused the temperature of the Earth to lift. This is known as planetary heating. Human activities are doing the depletion of the ozone bed. The ozone bed protects t he Earth from the harmful ultra-violet beams of the Sun. The most pressing demand today is that all of us learn to restrict the usage of resources and conserve the same for the future coevalss. We should salvage the planet from farther pollution and maintain it safe – non merely for ourselves but besides for the diverse life signifiers that are found on planet Earth.

assignment 1 Essay

assignment 1 Essay assignment 1 Essay Consulting Contract Tyneca M. Allen Dr. Chuks Agada HRM 568 April 26, 2015 Create a consulting contract that defines the boundaries of your analysis and objectives of the project. To survive in today’s competitive marketplace, hospitals are faced with the challenge of becoming more market driven: they must identify and satisfy the needs of their customers in a manner superior to that of other hospitals offering competitive services. Understanding the nature of this new focus on competition has become a matter of life or death for many hospitals because of the rapidly changing nature of the healthcare environment (Pinto, 1990). In order to better create the conditions for the successful development and introduction of these new programs and services, a variety of management and healthcare professionals must maintain effective and supportive work relationships (Pinto, 1990). Successful implementation of new healthcare services often requires the creation of hospital project teams and the joint efforts and combined expertise of a variety of relevant functional departments (Pinto, 1990). Project teams must to be effective in the following areas to impr ove their productivity goals. Healthcare marketing personnel are responsible for targeting appropriate market segments, developing marketing strategies, and creating promotional campaigns. Finance and administrative members often oversee concerns related to cost minimization and maintaining peak levels of efficiency and usage of the new service. Finally, physicians, nurses, and members of ancillary support departments have an equally large stake in the success of a new hospital program. They can ensure that the new service is technically adequate and provides the type of health benefit that potential customers in the marketplace have a right to expect (Pinto, 1990). First, we must establish a collaborative relationship with the project teams. Second, solve the problems of ineffective productivity and providing patient information in a timely way, so they stay solved. Third, ensure attention is given to both the technical/business problem and the relationships with the project teams (Block, 2011). The objectives are to improve the teamwork of the different department staff for better productivity and providing patient information. Explain the kinds of information you seek and your role in the project. The cooperation of the project teams to better analyze and resolve the situation is crucial. They are expected to be responsive and provide the assistance needed to solve the problem (Block, 2011). The consultant will gather the information needed for problem analysis and decide what methods of data collection and analysis to use (Block, 2011). Goals have long been viewed as important to organizational and project team effectiveness. Goals often represent the driving force behind individual activity in an organizational setting. Although a variety of goals exist in each organization and, indeed, within every individual, one frequently overlooked type important to the study of cross-functional cooperation is a superordinate goal. Sherif (1962), originally introduced the notion of the superordinate goal and demonstrated its usefulness for enhancing cooperation and minimizing conflict among group or team membe rs. Superordinate goals are defined as goals that are urgent and compelling for all groups involved, but whose attainment requires the resources and efforts of more than one group (Sherif, 1962). The essence of Sherif's theory is that competitive goals cause intergroup conflict, but superordinate goals give rise to intergroup cooperation. In this study, superordinate goals were defined as an overriding purpose, goal, or set of goals that is shared by all members of the project team. Information needed to analysis the project team would be rules and procedures that are in place. What are the channels each team has to go through to meet

An analysis of the Culture of an organization Essay

An analysis of the Culture of an organization - Essay Example Hofstede’s theoretical framework Hofstede’s cultural framework focuses on the effects of the national culture on the organizational culture. The theoretical framework is explained using the five dimensions in relation to national work related values. The dimensions encompass the â€Å"power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term verses short-term perspective† (Boonghee, Donthu, & Lenartowicz, 2011). According to the power distance concept, small power distance cultures prefer consultative and democratic power relations while large power distance cultures like the one in UK prefer non-democratic power relations. It is worth stating that Ben and Jerry exude a distinct relationship amidst the personnel and management. For example, the organization appreciates the need for a traditional, homemade approach to operations (Data Monitor, 2004). This means that people at the lower ranks acknowledge powers of others according to their hi gher formal and hierarchical position (Orr & Hauser, 2008). The individualism verses collectivism concept explains how much the cultural members perceive themselves apart from being members of the group. It is clear that the company supports the community. Additionally, it values its association with employees, and other stakeholders. This has significantly contributed to its progress within the societal set-up. This has allowed the organization to attract diverse persons. Data Monitor (2004) indicates that the product was made with love and care. This allows it to attract varied participants in the market. Analysis of Ben and Jerry highlights a mixture of the diverse roles within an organization. However, masculinity verses femininity concept explains the value given to males and females traditionally, the Ben and Jerry seems to have dynamic roles for both genders. In masculine culture, people value competitiveness and acquisition of wealth regardless of gender. However, the femini nity culture value relationships and life quality. These two concepts appear to have found a balance at Ben and Jerry. (Xiumei & Jinying, 2011). For example, the pictures presented by Data Monitor (2004) accords women and men similar advertising space. For example, men highlight the wrestling match while the community outreach is a preserve of the women. Indeed, this clear depicts the gender roles at the company. The uncertainty avoidance dimension explains how the cultural members address potential risks. For example, the company houses unconventional and non-conformist persons. However, this has changed to embrace changes and address risks. The stakeholders are not trying to behave according to the expectation of the society leaders. Data Monitor (2004) indicates that it focuses on mainstream, and shuns mass marketing that target on benefiting several persons. In organizations with such cultures, employees are devoted to their employers. Cultures that exude diminished levels of un certainty avoidance have embedded and flexible rules. In organizations with this culture, employees tend change their employers frequently (Shah, 2012). The long-term verses short-term explains the society’s attachment to its present and to its past. In the societies that are long-term oriented, individuals focus on the activities that affect the society’s future. For example, Ben and Jerry shifted from being unconventional to addressing varied needs making

A fundamental concept of modern architecture Essay

A fundamental concept of modern architecture - Essay Example e architecture in the modern period not only created house and public buildings that combine beauty and technical aspect of social efficiency, they also ensured the buildings were economical in all ways the architecture operating in the modern period were successfully blending technology with expressive style, history with science, beauty with practicality. These are elements that completely changed the building environment in ways that are still discernible today. This is an historical argument paper about the modern architecture. It is based on the definition architecture according to Siegfried Giedion and the development of the space, time and architecture concepts. The definition of modernist architecture is still an issue of debate between the art historians and other critiques. In Space, Time and architecture, Giedion argues that there is an apparent chaos in the state of culture that has been brought about by contradictory tendencies between the enormous technological and industrial development and peoples values. There is a need to feel the gap between the advances in the humanity in the realm of thought and realm of feelings. The emergence of the modern architecture in the early 20th century has been a matter of debates and arguments among different architecture historians and other critics. It is believed that the modern architecture and movement emerged in the late nineteenth century and was completely formed in the 1920s, just before the World War one began. Modernism has been understood differently by different authors and critics in architecture history.2modern architecture has been reflected by such publications as The international style by Hitchcock and Johnsons that was published in 1932 and 1995.Pevners works titles Pioneers of modern design of 1936 and Space time and Architecture that was published in the 1941 and 1982. The contemporary accounts of the modern movement provide a contrasting view. These more architectural historians

Management Change Excercise Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Change Excercise - Research Paper Example The steps include creation of urgency, development of powerful coalition, creation of a change vision, communication of the change vision, eradication of obstacles, creation of short-term success goals, building on the change, and integration of change into the corporate culture of the organization (Mind Tools, 2012).The first step in the process of change management requires the organizational leaders to convince the organizational personnel that a certain change needs to be there on urgent basis because of certain reasons (Coutts, 2000). If this action is not taken, people would underestimate the need of change. In the second step, the organizational leaders need to develop a team which facilitates gaining of people’s consent for change implementation. If this action is not taken, much more effort would be required to convince individuals because they would be scattered and not members of the same team. In the third step, the leader needs to develop a relation between change and a big vision in order to make it easier for the followers to realize what is happening. If this action is not taken, followers would have subjective idea of what is happening. In the fourth step, measures need to be taken to quickly communicate the change and spread the vision. If this action is not taken, there would not be uniformity of approach due to lack of information in certain followers. In the fifth step, the leader needs to recognize the barriers in the way of implementation of change and do whatever is required to remove them. If this action is not taken, the change process is likely to be interrupted along the way. In the sixth step, the leader should appreciate together with the followers the achievement of intermediary goals. If this action is not taken, followers might lose interest as there is little realization of achievement of preliminary goals. In the seventh step, the leader should emphasize upon a need for the followers to continue working in the same dire ction so that the achievement of preliminary goals leads to the attainment of the ultimate goal. If this action is not taken, followers might become over-confident and not do the needful. In the eighth step, the followers need to be motivated to constantly review the change process and keep modifying it to attain optimal results. If this action is not taken, the change may not bring the desired results. Each of the eight steps included in the Kotter’s model is essentially an action that requires a complete strategy to be taken effectively. Implementation of change and its management as suggested by Kotter requires sound management skills in an individual. As a manager, I have good oratory skills and thus, can convince people or for the least, present my opinion in an apprehensible manner. I am good at taking actions pertaining to all the steps of Kotter’s eight step model generally. However, I need a little improvement in the fourth, seventh and eighth step. This is be cause of the fact that I am a little careless due to which, I might not be able to make sure that the process of change is communicated to all of the organizational personnel. This requires a bit of organization on my part. I find it difficult to recollect myself if the continuity in a process is broken. So after the sixth step, in which I as a manager would celebrate preliminary goals with the organizational personnel, it might be difficult for me to develop the focus again to make sure that

Guide To Rudyard Kipling And If English Language Essay

Guide To Rudyard Kipling And If English Language Essay A son, a brother, a husband, a father, a writerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Rudyard Kipling. Rudyard Kipling was called, by some, one of Englands best short story writers and this is how it all began (Rudyard Kipling). Rudyard was born on December 30th, 1865, in Bombay (Rudyard Kipling-Biography). His parents lived in Bombay because of his fathers job. His mother and father both worked so that they could support their two children, Rudyard and Alice. Kiplings sister was three years younger than him and was born in 1868 (Sandison, A.G.). Rudyard Kipling lived with foster parents, in England, for quite some time. He and his sister were not expecting to be left there, with a foster family, while his parents went back to Bombay (Orel, Harold). It was 1871, when they arrived at the south coast of England, to find a cruel foster parent, who they had to call Aunty Rosa, waiting for them there. Rudyard didnt have a good experience there; he was treated poorly and abused, while living there for 6 years. That was a big change from the time he spent in Bombay, being the center of attention and basically having a pretty good life. This experience really impacted his writing. He had issues, throughout his life, because of his foster family. He also ended up getting insomnia and he had it the rest of his life (Sandison, A.G.). One tradition that Kipling and his sister had was going to their aunt and uncles house every Christmas. It was a great relief from being at Aunty Rosas house. Not only was this house their aunt and uncles, it was an artist and writer hot spot. They would all meet there every so often. In doing this every year, Rudyard was greatly influenced by some very talented writers, which really started him on his writing journey. Three of these writers made a big impact and connected with Rudyard. Those three men were his uncle, Burne-Jones, Cormell Price, and William Morris. But, Burne-Jones, Rudyards uncle, was the closest to him out of everyone (Sandison, A.G.). Rudyard went to United Services College until he was almost seventeen. Cormell Price was the headmaster of that school and since he already was close to Kipling, he gave him permission to use his library, which increased his writing skills (Sandison, A.G.). He went back to live with his parents in Lahore when he was 16, which was the year of 1882. He wrote a lot of pieces while he was there. It is actually what really started to get him recognized. Kipling returned to England in the year of 1889 and started writing some great short stories after one of his, Barrack-Room Ballads, was praised. Kipling started moving right along in his successful writing career and was starting to become famous (Rudyard Kipling). In 1892, Kipling married a girl named Carrie. She was the sister to one of his friends who had recently passed away. They moved back to his wifes home in Brattleboro, Vermont. That is where his first two kids were born- Josephine and Elsie. He also wrote Captains Courageous and The Jungle Book in Brattleboro. In 1896, they moved back to England because he had a fall out with his brother-in-law. Then, a year afterwards, they moved to Rottingdean, in Sussex, where their son, John, was born. In 1899, his daughter died, while they were in the U.S. for a visit. They lost their son, John, in World War I, soon after Josephines death. Kipling kept on writing even through all these tragic times. He was actually awarded a Nobel Peace Prize, in 1907, and became very famous. Rudyard Kipling led a good life and, sadly, died January of 1936, on one of many of their family trips (Rudyard Kipling).That basically sums up Kiplings life, in a nutshell. Overview/Summary of If Rudyard Kipling wrote the poem If in attempts to show the reader how to live life and solve problems simply. He wrote this poem to his son during World War I, offering great advice on life (Lewis, J.R.). This particular poem captured the attention of those who usually dont care for, or flat out, dont like poetry. This poem was said to be one of the best poems ever written (Lewis, J.R.). This poem is broken into four sections and each of these sections are filled with great meaning. People should read this poem and learn from it great life lessons and become better people all together. Rudyard Kipling excelled with this piece of literature. He summed up how people should live life in a short but sweet poem (Sharum, Angel L). The first section of this poem is really about not getting caught up within your own pride. Dont try and change for other people and popularity or status. Try to do what is right and not what others think is right. Dont become self-centered or haughty. Be yourself and stay on the right path and know that you are doing the right thing. That is how this first section of If can be interpreted (Sharum, Angel L). The second section of Rudyard Kiplings popular poem has just as much meaning as the first section. This sections main points would have to be, pushing right on through all the hard challenges that always interfere with your goals and dreams in life. Also, this section says to create goals to aim for and try to accomplish them without letting them rule your life. So, perseverance is a big lesson in the section. When life gets tough, gut it out and keep moving forward (Sharum, Angel L). Now, on to the third section of this poem named If. This section is almost like the last section. It says to not give up and dont admit defeat when a failure occurs. It tells people to try again and keep working at it until the goal is met. That is what the third section of If is about. Never say never, and dont give in to laziness, doubt, or defeat (Sharum, Angel L). Last, but not least, is the final section of this great work of art and marvelous piece of literature. This section of the poem has a couple of great meanings hiding in it. No one is better or worse than another person. Everyone has special qualities that they possess; it is just whether people will take the effort to look hard enough to find them. Another good point in this would be to not waste the time in life. Try to enjoy every day in life and make it meaningful. If people didnt waste their time and lives focusing on the bad things and unfair things they would be far better off. Once people realize to make every moment in life count, they will be more successful and lead happier lives. (Sharum, Angel L). That is a basic summary of the poem that Rudyard Kipling wrote. He inspired tons of people with this poem and is still inspiring people to this very day (Lewis, J.R.)! It really gives good examples and sets great goals for peoples lives. The poem is almost like a little guide for peoples lives (Sharum, Angel L). This particular poem just might have been the most famous of all the poems he had written. It got so popular that people all over were translating it into their own languages and would make copies of it. This poem is like a instruction manual for the common, human being. That is what this poem is really all about (Sharum, Angel L). Critical Analysis of If  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Influences Rudyard Kipling had many influential people and experiences in his lifetime. The first thing is that he lived in India in his early years and then moved back to India when he was a teenager. That really impacted Kiplings type, style, and story lines of a lot of the pieces he wrote (Orel, Harold). Another experience, that majorly impacted his whole life, was living with his cruel foster parents. He was neglected and abused and never fully recovered from that. He had insomnia for the rest of his life, along with other issues (Sandison, A.G.). Going to his aunt and uncles house every Christmas influenced him because he met some very influential people and made personal relationships with them. That helped him get to where he was when he got older. He got special privileges at his school because he was close to the headmaster. Kipling excelled because he was free to use the headmasters personal library (Sandison, A.G.). One more big thing that occurred in his life was that he lost two of his children within sixteen years. His daughter died tragically on a family vacation. Then, sixteen years later he lost his son in the war. Those are just some of the influential times in his life (Rudyard Kipling).  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Main Themes The first theme would be growing up and becoming a man. It discusses maturing into manhood, growing up, and becoming wiser. Connected to that would be learning leadership skills. In the process of becoming a man, leadership skills are usually required to succeed and earn respect (If| Introduction). Another theme in this poem is righteousness rather than being self-righteous. The point Kipling is trying to get across is quite simple. People striving to be righteous should not be self-centered. Those two things, righteousness and self-righteousness are total opposites. So, if people act self-righteous they arent going to achieve righteousness any time soon (If| Introduction). The next theme is having a good work ethic. People should not give up when things get hard. They shouldnt decide to be lazy and just decide not to do something because they dont feel like it. People should always keep trying and persevering through hard times and it will pay off in the long run (If| Introduction). The last theme of this poem is detachment. Failure and success should not be focused on because they will not last nor will they be permanent. Do not get attached to something that will leave as quickly as it came. That concludes the themes of this poem (If| Introduction).  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stylistic Devices Kiplings poem had at least three stylistic and literary devices in it. The three devices in this poem were repetition, personification and alliteration. These are the main literary and stylistic devices that showed up in If (Yahoo! Answers). Repetition was a big literary device that was used in this poem. The way it was used was with the word you. Almost every line has the word you in it! So, obviously, this is a very good literary device throughout this poem. That is the first device that has been used (Yahoo! Answers). Personification is the second device found in this poem. Here are a few examples from the poem. One is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦make dreams your master and another is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦make thoughts your aimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Those are both examples of personification used in the poem. So, that was the second literary device that was used in Kiplings poem (Yahoo! Answers). The last device used in this poem was alliteration. There are only two examples of alliteration in this poem, but there still is alliteration. The first example is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦with wornout toolsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The second example in this poem of alliteration is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦sixty secondsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Those are the examples of alliteration in this poem. That concludes the literary and stylistic devices of Rudyard Kiplings poem, If (Yahoo! Answers).  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Impressions This page is about my impression of the poem. I really liked the poem. After reading it a lot of times and then seeing what other people had to say about it, I just kept getting more and more out of it. I started understanding more of what it really meant and was saying every time I read it. My first impression was, Wow! This poem is really confusing and doesnt make much sense. I thought it would be hard to write about because it was kind of confusing. I also thought that because it was so short that I wouldnt have enough information to write one page about. But, as you can see, I was wrong. As I kept working, I started understanding it and actually started to really enjoy it. I had more than enough information to write about. I also learned some from this. Most things I already knew, but it is always good to be reminded. I think that Rudyard Kipling was an amazing writer, considering all the tragedies he had to go through. It was almost like he was writing this poem partially out of his own experiences. I really liked the points he tried to get across and am just surprised that he was able to express such a powerful message in that short of a poem. I really thought this poem was great and can understand how it became so popular throughout the world so fast. That is my impression of If by Rudyard Kipling. Test Over Rudyard Kipling and If Multiple Choice: 1.) Where was Kipling born? a. Rome b. Brattleboro c. England d. Bombay 2.) How many siblings did Kipling have? a. 3 b. 1 c. 5 d. 2 3.) Where did Kipling go to school? a. United Services College b. United Forces College 4.) Where did Kipling spend most of his childhood? a. Bombay b. England c. Brattleboro d. Rome 5.) What was Kiplings foster parents name? a. Aunty Lily b. Aunty Rosa b. Aunty Sue c. Aunty Mae 6.) How many kids did Kipling have? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 7.) What was Kiplings wifes name? a. Carrie b. Sue c. Jane d. Lynn 8.) Who was closest to Kipling? a. Uncle b. Dad c. Mom d. Foster mom 9.) When Kipling was 16 where did he move? a. Bombay b. Rome c. Lahore d. Vermont 10.) What was Kiplings sisters name? a. Alice b. Jen c. Carrie d. Rosa 11.) What was Kiplings really famous poem? a. Now b. What If c. If d. Why 12.) How many times is alliteration shown in If? a. 2 b. 1 c. 10 d. 4 13.) During what big event did he write If? a. WWII b. Civil War c. WWI d. Cold War 14.) How many of his children died young? a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 d. None 15.) How many literary devices show up in If? a. 0 b. 5 c. 6 d. 3 16.) How many big themes are in If? a. 3 b. 5 c. 2 d. 4 17.) How would Kiplings foster parents be described? a. Kind b. Shy c. Generous d. Cruel 18.) Who did Kipling write If to? a. Wife b. Sister c. Dad d. Son 19.) What year was Kipling born? a.1855 b. 1885 c. 1865 d. 1845 20.) What year did Kipling die? a. 1926 b. 1936 c. 1916 d.1906 Fill in the blank: 1.) Kipling was awarded a in 1907. 2.) Kipling spent every with his aunt and uncle. 3.) Kipling was by his foster parents. 4.) Kipling had his whole life. 5.) Kiplings son died in . 6.) If was written to show people how to solve simply. 7.) Using the word you over and over in if is called . 8.) The three literary devices in Kiplings poem If were , , . 9.) Kipling married his friends . 10.) Kiplings birthday was December . Essay: What were the main ideas that Rudyard Kipling was trying to get across to the readers of his poem If? Test Answer Key Multiple Choice: 1.)  Ã‚   D. 2.)  Ã‚   B. 3.)  Ã‚   A. 4.)  Ã‚   B. 5.)  Ã‚   B. 6.)  Ã‚   C. 7.)  Ã‚   A. 8.)  Ã‚   A. 9.)  Ã‚   C. 10.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. 11.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 12.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. 13.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 14.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 15.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. 16.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. 17.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. 18.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. 19.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. 20.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. Fill in the Blank: 1.)   Nobel Peace Prize 2.)   Christmas 3.)   Abused 4.)   Insomnia 5.)   WWI 6.)   Problems 7.)   Repetition 8.)   Repetition, Personification, and Alliteration. 9.)   Sister 10.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   30th Essay: He wanted to show people not to value worldly possessions. He also wanted people to be happy with life and enjoy each and every minute of it. Not to hold on to grudges or act like a child. Stop thinking all about yourself and stop being a conceited person. Be righteous but not self- righteous. Never give up when things get hard. Enjoy your life and everyone in it. That is the main points Rudyard Kipling was expressing in his poem If.

Han vs Mauryan

The Chinese Han Dynasty vs. The Indian Mauryan/Gupta Empire The Han Dynasty of China and the Mauryan/Gupta Empire of India in 206 B. C. E to 550 C. E had many social and cultural differences which made them unique societies, but their political structure and form of government seemed to borrow ideas from each other. The social aspects of both empires had a lot in common because gender-roles, family and relationships were looked at in the same way. During the Mauryan/Gupta as well as the Han Dynasty, women were subservient to men and families relied on patriarchs.In both empires there were close knit villages, landowners had power and merchants took second role in the social system. However, the two had their differences. The Mauryan/Gupta Empire put emphasis on caste while the Han Dynasty was based on a social structure. The Mauryan/Gupta Empire’s caste system was an important social bond and a crucial part of the political structure. At the top of the system were the priests, then the warriors and rulers, followed by the merchants, skilled traders and minor officials, after that were the unskilled workers and finally the â€Å"untouchables†, who were outcastes and barely considered as people.The strict caste system provided a network of rules by which people could regulate their lives and activities and also promoted public order which helped politically. The caste system was so strictly enforced that no one could intermarry or be moved up a class so it determined where you would be for all your life. The caste system also played a role in religion which encouraged the use of a caste system rather than people look down upon it. On the other hand, the Han Dynasty relied on a highly structured system of classes.The most powerful was the emperor, the nobles and the military officers, who made up the first class. Next came the farmers and peasants who made up the second tier. Lastly, the third class was made up of merchants, commoners and servants. T his system differed greatly from the Mauryan/Gupta Empire because it was far less definite; the assigned social class for each person dictated their social status but not their wealth or power. This Chinese structure also stressed on level of education rather than where you were socially unlike the Indian system.Even though many of their values were mostly the same, the development and transformation of social structures made them completely different. The Han Dynasty and Mauryan/Gupta Empire were developing similarly in science and technology during this time period. Advances in astronomy and medicine in both civilizations included the calculation of the motion of planets, bone setting, plastic surgery and personal hygiene. Studies in mathematics also came about in the Han and Mauryan/Gupta Empire. In spite of the fact that they were sharing technological advances, the belief systems, philosophies and religions differed greatly between the two.The Mauryan/Gupta Empire had lively ar t, which included many epic poems, and primary religions that suggested unpractical, otherworldly beliefs. The practice of Buddhism and Hinduism flourished during this time because the great ruler, Ashoka, spread Buddhist values and accepted and honored Hindu principles. These religions had practices that could be considered out of this world because of the belief that there are divine forces and beings. On the contrary, the Han Dynasty had restrained art, and separate, more practical belief systems.These belief systems did not have a belief in any supernatural or godly forces but served as lifestyle guides. Confucianism, a philosophical system from the teachings of Confucius, spread because it focused on righteousness and morals rather than gods. Belief systems in the Han Dynasty were formed based on the needs and views of the people. Whereas, the belief systems formed in the Mauryan/Gupta Empire were made to unite humans with the divine. The political structure and forms of govern ment of the Han Dynasty and Mauryan/Gupta Empire shared many of the same ideas.Both had bureaucracies with groups of specialized officials and a centralized government. They were also the same because they had a form of autocratic rule so there was government by a single person that had authority over all others. The two were also the same when it came to expansion; they both expanded their borders during this period. Though there was one big difference, the Mauryan/Gupta had large, strong armies and utilized them while the Han Dynasty had a small army and didn’t feel it was necessary to even have armed forces.Although their ruling styles were very similar, the militaristic values set them apart. The Chinese Han Dynasty and Indian Mauryan/Gupta Empire borrowed government direction and approach from each other but did not influence each other socially or change their cultural identities. During the time period of 206 B. C. E to 550 C. E, the Persian Empire was also taking form . Similarly, this empire had bureaucracy, supported and formed religions and expanded territory. Today, China and India both have heavy influence on the world due to their cultural and technological exchanges connecting them to all parts of the world.

Corrections Essay

What works for one individual may not work for another. If the offender is serving time for pedophilia, rape, murder, or drugs it could be that it Is who they view themselves as and will not change for the better. The recidivism rate for all prisoners, no matter what their crime may be, is high in prisons all around the world. The more time that a prisoner spends time in prison, the more likely they are to either return to prison or to violate their parole. The fact of the matter Is one has to see the change they want in themselves before omen can force them to change.Prisoners who are enrolled in prison rehabilitation programs are still as likely, If not more, to return to prison. It Is only those who successfully complete the education programs provided for them who have lower recidivism rates. This is because they have sought to change for the better, and were not forced to change. However, most prisoners who attend these programs are usually the ones who have been in prison the l ongest. Those prisoners who successfully completed the programs where more often then not, the ones who had better chances at becoming successful parolees.The criminal Justice system should focus more on punishment-oriented programs to discourage prisoners from returning. If prisons began enforcing very strict and difficult prison policies, it can make a prisoner see the change that society wants to see for themselves. Most repeat offenders feel more comfortable on the inside then they do on the outside. This Is a very sad and true fact. They become so adapt to living In prisons that they almost consider It a home. When they are subsequently released, they feel Like they do not belong In normal society, thus returning to crime.Another sad reality Is that many businesses and corporations will not higher these inmates due to their records. If the united States penal system enforced strict and almost hellish conditions in these prisons, such as solitary confinement for the majority of their sentence this may change. The prison systems could focus on such harsh punishments, such as no contact with others. The only time contact with others should be allowed is when they choose to attend rehabilitation programs. As time goes on, and the more successful the inmate becomes in the program, prison officials can lessen the rashness of their punishments.This, in the beginning, forces the prisoners to attend the program. However, the prisoner must find It within themselves to successfully complete their education. This makes the prisoners work for their freedom and the change that they want to see. If a prisoner does not complete the requirements of the rehabilitation then can go back to the strict punishments. It Is their choice, and they cannot be forced change. They have to want it. On the outside innocent. They should do this by upholding the law to such a standard that encourages individuals that they do not want to commit a crime.Law enforcement agents should have th e power to do whatever is necessary to take down those who break the law. Currently law enforcement officials have more restrictions placed on themselves by the law, then the criminals breaking it, which makes it that much more difficult to enforce the law. There seem to be far to many loopholes in the Justice system that protects the offenders. It is my personal belief that once you break the law, you have limited rights. We should not be sending our own people who protect there to Jail for police brutality and so on.If someone rapes a woman and then tries to attack the arresting officer, the police are well within their respective rights to do whatever it is necessary to bring said individual to Justice. Such acts will discourage many from committing crimes. If you decided to break the law, well then that is a conscious decision that you made. It is you who should pay for the crimes, not the police. People should feel safe around the police if one has not committed a crime, but if you do break the law one should be terrified. The fear should come from what he police are capable of doing to you to enforce the law.However, law enforcement officials should be trained to asses the amount of force needed to instill enough fear within the individual by a case by case basis. If you get pulled over for running a red light, a cop cannot pull you out of the car and start beating you. Although, if you murder or rape someone, cops should be allowed to punish you. This will in turn instill fear within the offender not to commit the crime again, due to the treatment you receive from the police, and then the harsh prison system mentioned previously.

Objectives Essays

Objectives Essays Objectives Essay Objectives Essay Human Resources Mission We provide a positive HR service experience for applicants, employees, and retirees and collaborate with departments to recruit, develop, support, and retain diverse and talented employees who are the key to Virginia Techs reputation and success. Human Resources Vision We deliver Human Resources programs and services with such quality and expertise that campus departments gain a competitive advantage from our collaborative efforts to make Virginia Tech a great place to work. HR Strategic Plan Goals and Objectives Goal One: Promote and enhance our competitive total rewards package to recruit and retain top talent. Objectives: Create a total rewards message to educate HR partners, hiring managers, and recruits on the total value of the Virginia Tech employment package Work closely with management to reinforce the need for competitive compensation for individuals Virginia Tech wishes to attract and retain Fine tune benefits package within the Virginia higher education restructuring framework Focus on retirement planning and support for current and retired employees Define a minimum level of employee educational benefit across all senior management areas Goal Two: Support the talent development of our employees through professional development, career evelopment, and improved performance management. Invest in professional development programs to improve leadership capabilities, Job skills, and employee productivity Develop comprehensive career management tools, job enrichment strategies, and mentoring programs to help employees prepare for new opportunities Provide organizational consulting servi ces to all senior management areas to spur improved organizational and individual performance Goal Three: Promote the achievement of work-life balance and wellness in our employee community. Expand the use of flexible work arrangements through greater supervisory and mployee awareness about the potential benefits to employees and departments Inform employees about the importance of education, awareness, self-care, and behavioral change in improving wellness and productivity Collaborate with individuals and departments, both on and off campus, to deliver a broader range of wellness programs and services for improved physical and mental health Assess the ongoing need for more child-care options based on analysis of local supply and demand Goal Four: Deliver HR services, programs, and communications which are highly valued by our prospective employees, current employees, and retirees. Target employee communications more effectively to meet employee information needs Leverage technology to streamline HR service processes and improve access to employee information Define HRS customer service promise and assess and improve customer satisfaction to a common standard through reg ular surveys Develop HR scorecard for central HR and senior management areas as an overall assessment and improvement tool Plan new office location so that it provides a productive work environment for improved service and program delivery Goal Five: Foster a diverse, inclusive community with a positive work environment. Develop a Building a Better Work Environment curriculum for supervisors Conduct regular organizational climate assessments and collaborate with senior managers to improve the campus work climate Partner with the Office of Diversity and Inclusion, senior managers, and department heads to promote and uphold our Principles of Community Educate the campus community on the prevention of harassment and discrimination and productive ways to resolve conflict Insure we promote our commitment to diversity and non-discrimination through our actions and in our outreach and employee recruitment efforts Assess and address reasons why talented eople leave the Virginia Tech employee community Goal Six: Compete for top talent with effective recruitment strategies and efficient recruitment processes. Identify more proactive recruiting solutions for staff and AP faculty positions Build relationships with senior management areas by assigning them staffing specialists and developing recruitment strategie s focused on their recruitment priorities Improve employee onboarding experience through three month check-up Design and implement a central hiring procedures portal for managers to use when hiring all Job types Provide search support for AP faculty searches upon request

Operation Ten-Go in World War II

Operation Ten-Go in World War II Operation Ten-Go took place on April 7, 1945, and was part of the Pacific Theater of World War II. With Allied forces landing on Okinawa in early 1945, the Japanese Combined Fleet was pressured into mounting an operation to aid in the islands defense. The plan put forward called for sending the superbattleship Yamato on a one-way voyage to the island. Arriving, it was to beach itself and be used as a massive shore battery until destroyed. Though many Japanese naval leaders considered Operation Ten-Go to be a waste of their remaining resources, it moved forward on April 6, 1945. Quickly spotted by Allied aircraft, Yamato and its consorts were subjected to a series of heavy air attacks that resulted in the loss of the battleship and most of its supporting ships. Though kamikaze strikes on the Allied ships off Okinawa caused some losses, only twelve men were lost in the attacks on the Japanese warships. Background By early 1945, having suffered crippling defeats at the Battles of Midway, Philippine Sea, and Leyte Gulf, the Japanese Combined Fleet was reduced to a small number of operational warships. Concentrated in the home islands, these remaining vessels were too few in number to directly engage the Allies fleets. As a final precursor to the invasion of Japan, Allied troops began attacking Okinawa on April 1, 1945. A month prior, realizing that Okinawa would be the Allies next target, Emperor Hirohito convened a meeting to discuss plans for the islands defense. The Japanese Plan Having listened to the armys plans to defend Okinawa through the use of kamikaze attacks and determined fighting on the ground, the Emperor demanded to how the navy planned to aid in the effort. Feeling pressured, the Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Toyoda Soemu met with his planners and conceived Operation Ten-Go. A kamikaze-style operation, Ten-Go called for the battleship Yamato, the light cruiser Yahagi, and eight destroyers to fight their way through the Allied fleet and beach themselves on Okinawa. Japanese Battleship Yamato running sea trials on October 30, 1941. US Naval History Heritage Command Once ashore, the ships were to act as shore batteries until destroyed at which point their surviving crews were to disembark and fight as infantry. As the navys air arm had effectively been destroyed, no air cover would be available to support the effort. Though many, including the Ten-Go force commander Vice Admiral Seiichi Ito, felt that the operation was a waste of scant resources, Toyoda pushed it forward and preparations began. On March 29, Ito shifted his ships from Kure to Tokuyama. Arriving, Ito continued preparations but could not bring himself to order the operation to commence. On April 5, Vice Admiral Ryunosuke Kusaka arrived in Tokuyama to convince the Combined Fleets commanders to accept Ten-Go. Upon learning the details, most sided with Ito believing that the operation was a futile waste. Kusaka persisted and told them that the operation would draw American aircraft away from the armys planned air attacks on Okinawa and that the Emperor was expecting the navy to make a maximum effort in the islands defense. Unable to resist the Emperors wishes, those in attendance reluctantly agreed to move forward with the operation. Operation Ten-Go Conflict: World War II (1939-1945)Dates: April 7, 1945Fleets Commanders:AlliesVice Admiral Marc Mitscher11 aircraft carriersJapanVice Admiral Seiichi Ito1 battleship, 1 light cruisers, 8 destroyersCasualties:Japanese: 4,137 killedAllies: 97 killed, 122 wounded The Japanese Sail Briefing his crews on the nature of the mission, Ito permitted any sailor who wished to stay behind to leave the ships (none did) and sent ashore new recruits, sick, and wounded. Through the day on April 6, intense damage-control drills were conducted and the ships fueled. Sailing at 4:00 p.m., Yamato and its consorts were spotted by the submarines USS Threadfin and USS Hackleback as they passed through the Bundo Strait. Unable to get into an attack position the submarines radioed in sighting reports. By dawn, Ito had cleared the Osumi Peninsula at the south end of Kyushu. Shadowed by American reconnaissance aircraft, Itos fleet was reduced on the morning of April 7 when the destroyer Asashimo developed engine trouble and turned back. At 10:00 a.m., Ito feinted west in an attempt to make the Americans think he was retreating. After steaming west for an hour and half, he returned to a southerly course after being spotted by two American PBY Catalinas. In effort to drive off the aircraft, Yamato opened fire with its 18-inch guns using special beehive anti-aircraft shells. U.S. Navy SB2C Helldiver dive bombers attack Yamato during Operation Ten-Go, April 7, 1945. U.S. Navy History and Heritage Command The Americans Attack Aware of Itos progress, the eleven carriers of Vice Admiral Marc Mitschers Task Force 58 began launching several waves of aircraft around 10:00 a.m. In addition, a force of six battleships and two large cruisers was sent north in case air strikes failed to stop the Japanese. Flying north from Okinawa, the first wave spotted Yamato shortly after noon. As the Japanese lacked air cover, the American fighters, dive bombers, and torpedo planes patiently set up their attacks. Commencing around 12:30 p.m., the torpedo bombers focused their attacks on Yamatos port side to increase the chances of the ship capsizing. As the first wave struck, Yahagi was hit in the engine room by a torpedo. Dead in the water, the light cruiser was struck by six more torpedoes and twelve bombs in the course of the battle before sinking at 2:05 p.m. While Yahagi was being crippled, Yamato took a torpedo and two bomb hits. Though not effecting its speed, a large fire erupted aft of the battleships superstructure. The second and third waves of aircraft launched their attacks between 1:20 PM and 2:15 p.m. Maneuvering for its life, the battleship was hit by at least eight torpedoes and as many as fifteen bombs. Japanese battleship Yamato explodes during Operation Ten-Go, April 7, 1945. U.S. Navy History and Heritage Command End of a Behemoth Losing power, Yamato began listing severely to port. Due to the destruction of the ships water damage-control station, the crew was unable to counter-flood specially designed spaces on the starboard side. At 1:33 p.m., Ito ordered the starboard boiler and engine rooms flooded in an effort to right the ship. This effort killed the several hundred crewmen working in those spaces and reduced the ships speed to ten knots. At 2:02 p.m., Ito ordered the mission canceled and the crew to abandon ship. Three minutes later, Yamato began to capsize. Around 2:20 p.m., the battleship rolled completely and began sink before being torn open by a massive explosion. Four of the Japanese destroyers were also sunk during the battle. Aftermath Operation Ten-Go cost the Japanese between 3,700–4,250 dead as well as Yamato, Yahagi, and four destroyers. American losses in the air attacks were a mere 12 killed and ten aircraft. Operation Ten-Go was the Imperial Japanese Navys last significant action of World War II and its few remaining ships would have little effect during the final weeks of the war. The operation had minimal effect on the Allied operations around Okinawa and the island was declared secure on June 21, 1945.

Week13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Week13 - Essay Example A patent is a protection granted to an inventor that limits other people from using or selling an invention (Andersen, 2006). Patents protect the ideas of a person and limit anybody from using them without authorization from the patent holder. A grey market is created when people sell genuine trademarked goods without the permission of local trademark owner (Andersen, 2006). Such products are authorized and trademarked in a foreign nation and are of similar quality to those in the local market. It is a market where the products being bought or sold are not within the authorized trading channels of the manufacturer. Local businesses that have trademarks in the USA are highly affected by the grey market. Products in the grey market are of similar quality but come at lower prices. Due to this, a growing gray market reduces the profitability of the trademark owner in the USA. A grey market makes owning the trademark unworthy since the protection created by the trademark has no full

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

International Business - Essay Example Globalization has led to integration of global production (global sourcing and coordination between the diverse locations) and integration of global markets (the rise of global brands and international distributors). Ultimately, globalization yields to increasing: culture convergences; interdependence among states economic integration; trade liberation; and, global capital markets (Hill 2012, p.4). Globalization of markets Globalization of markets delineates the progression witnessed in the assimilation and amalgamation of different world markets into a shared market. This means that national markets are increasingly amalgamating into one vast marketplace. This process eventually yields to the adoption of common products or services propelled by the resultant cultural shift. ... The growth of national companies such as Coca Cola and MacDonald’s into larger global organizations has drawn attention to the fact that global companies can now be able to synchronize their operations across continents, yielding to enhanced efficiency and attainment of economies of scale. One of the paradoxes of globalization that can be highlighted details that technology has fostered the efficient delivery of standardized products, as well as promoting diverse forms of tailored products for various markets; however, the registered growth of global markets has been highly prevalent within sectors that depend on standardized products for all clients. Markets for consumer products, on the other hand, have not been homogenized as anticipated (Reinert 2000, p.42). The positioning numerous markets, especially within advanced economies have increasingly been reversed as imports of standard products are frequently cheaper compared to the local equivalent. Hence, domestic manufactur ing companies are increasingly struggling to match the multinationals that enjoy economies of scale, in addition to, massive resources. Globalization of production The factors that impact on the situating of an entity’s manufacturing infrastructure usually vary between countries, and may be complementary in a foreign country relative to the host country. This means that entities are persistently placing their individual productive operations at highly rewarding global locations (Hill and Jones 2007, p.265). As such, it is becoming immaterial to label various products as ‘Japanese,’ ‘American,’ German,’ or ‘British.’ This derives from the breaking down of the manufacturing process into separate stages in which each phase takes place within the most